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KMID : 1140120130180010055
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Cancer Prevention Research
2013 Volume.18 No. 1 p.55 ~ p.65
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Potential Problems of an Exceeded Dietary Magnesium Supplement in Rats
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Moon Seong-Min
Choi Seok-Cheol
Kim Chong-Rak
Hyun Kyung-Yae
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Abstract
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We have investigated the effects of a magnesium (Mg) overdose on the kidneys of rats. Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats in each of the three groups as the control, Mg supplemented (MgS), and Mg deficient (MgD) were fed with normal diet, normal diet plus extra 20 mg magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) per body weight kg, and magnesium-free diet, respectively, for 60 days prior to investigating the effects of those dietary Mg supplements in the kidney. Serum Mg concentration and body weight in the MgS group were not different, whereas those in the MgD group decreased compared with those of the control group. No difference in kidney size was found between the control and MgS group but the MgD group showed kidney hypertrophy. Histological observations of the kidneys suggested that MgS caused renal problems with focal tubular degeneration and congestion and that MgD also caused problems with intra-tubular calcinosis and interstitial infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells in their kidneys. MgS group showed an increased osmolarity in the systemic blood due to the increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Na＋ concentration. MgD group also showed an increased BUN but their systemic osmolarity was not different from the control. The current study suggests that an exceeded dietary magnesium supplement might be able to induce renal damages through focal tubular degenerations, congestions, and increased proinflammatory cytokine and decreased antiinflammatoy cytokine in kidney tissues that could deliver an obvious renal failure as bad as the case shown in Mg deficiencies.
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KEYWORD
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Mg overdose, Mg deficiency, Kidney, Cytokines, Systemic osmolarity
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